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SMPTE Constitution and Bylaws


CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE I

NAME

The name of this association shall be:

SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS.

ARTICLE II

OBJECTS AND POWERS

The purposes for which the Society was founded, and for which it has been operated, shall continue to be as follows:
  1. To foster, carry on and advance the engineering and technical aspects of the motion-picture, television and allied arts and sciences;
  2. To gather, receive, prepare and disseminate scientific information concerning the motion-picture, television and allied arts and sciences;
  3. To provide for and to encourage the delivery and holding of lectures, exhibitions, classes and conferences calculated to advance the theory and practice of engineering involved in the motion-picture, television and allied arts and sciences;
  4. To promote and further the interests of the general public in the engineering, technical and safety aspects concerned with the use and enjoyment of the benefits provided by the motion-picture, television and allied arts and sciences;
  5. To advance the scientific aims and purposes of Subdivisions to the extent that such scientific aims are consistent with or conform to the scientific purposes of the Society;
  6. To do everything and anything reasonably or lawfully necessary, proper or advisable for the attainment of the above purposes or for any of them or for the furtherance of any or all such purposes;
  7. The Society, in order to foster its scientific purposes as herein provided, shall have the power to own, acquire, purchase, accept gifts, hold as trustee or otherwise, maintain, improve, mortgage, sell, lease or dispose of real and personal property and to obtain, invest, reinvest and use funds and properties of any kind to advance the scientific aims of the Society;
  8. To accept in the name of the Society or hold as trustee or otherwise any gift of money or property or the income thereof for one or more limited purposes within the scope of the general purposes of the Society as stated herein;
  9. To have all powers of any corporation organized for scientific purposes under the laws of the District of Columbia to the extent not inconsistent with the purposes and powers of the Society as herein provided.

ARTICLE III

RESTRICTIONS

The Society shall have no capital stock. No part of the income or property of the Society shall inure to the private benefit of any of its members, officers or any private shareholder or individual; no substantial part of the activities of the Society shall be the carrying on of propaganda or otherwise attempting to influence legislation, and the Society shall not participate in or interfere in any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office.

ARTICLE IV

DISPOSITION OF ASSESTS AND DISSOLUTION 

Upon the liquidation, winding up or dissolution of the Society, whether voluntary or involuntary, and after payment of all indebtedness of the Society, the funds, investments and other assets of the Society shall be given and transferred, as the Board of Governors may determine, to some other nonprofit organization having objects similar to those of the Society. The selection of such other organization shall be made by majority vote of all members of the Board of Governors at a meeting of said Board of Governors called for the purpose of selecting such an organization.

ARTICLE V

MEETINGS

Sec. 1. Regular Meeting. There shall be an annual meeting of the Society held at such time and place as may be fixed by the Board of Governors, and other meetings of the Society shall be called as provided in the Bylaws.

Sec. 2. Substitute for Annual Meeting. Whenever the Board of Governors, by a majority vote of all of its members, at either a meeting or by letter ballot, shall declare that by reason of any rule, regulation, request or order of any governmental agency, or for any cause, it is not in the interest of the Society to hold the annual meeting then no such meeting shall be required to be held under this Constitution and these Bylaws, and the Board of Governors shall fix a date by which the members of the Society shall vote by letter ballot on any matters which might be acted upon by the members at the annual meeting. The voting period for such letter ballot shall be sixty days ending on the date fixed as above for voting by letter ballot, and the date upon which the voting period expires shall be deemed to be the date of the annual meeting within the meaning of this Constitution and Bylaws.

ARTICLE VI

MEMBERSHIP

Sec. 1. Eligibility for Membership. Any individual, firm or corporation, qualified in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws, shall be eligible for membership in the Society, and shall be admitted to membership under such terms and conditions as may be prescribed in the Bylaws.

Sec. 2. Rights and Privileges. All members shall exercise and enjoy such rights as the Constitution and Bylaws of the Society may from time to time prescribe.

Sec. 3. Dues. Members shall pay such dues and assessments as the Constitution and Bylaws may prescribe.

ARTICLE VII

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Sec. 1. Management. The management of the Society shall be vested in the Board of Governors elected in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws.

Sec. 2. Committees. The Board of Governors shall appoint such committees as may be prescribed in the Bylaws and may appoint such additional committees as it may determine; all such committees shall act under the direction of the Board of Governors and perform such duties and exercise such powers as are specified in the Bylaws and such duties and powers as may be delegated to such committees by the Board of Governors.

ARTICLE VIII

OFFICERS 

The officers of the Society shall be a President, not more than eleven Vice Presidents and a Secretary/Treasurer who shall be elected and have such duties as the Bylaws may from time to time prescribe. The Past President shall also be considered as an Officer of the Society.

ARTICLE IX

SUBDIVISIONS 

Sec. 1. Formulation. The Board of Governors may authorize the formation of Subdivisions in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws, and may combine, divide or discontinue Subdivisions at its discretion.

Sec. 2. Activities. The activities of Subdivisions shall be subject to such limitations and regulations as may be prescribed in the Bylaws, by the Board of Governors or by resolution adopted at any meeting of the Society.

ARTICLE X

AMENDMENTS 

Sec. 1. Procedure and Required Vote. Amendments may be submitted to the Board of Governors by a member of the Board or may be proposed to the Board of Governors by any ten members of a voting grade. All amendments, before they are submitted to the membership for discussion and vote, shall first have been approved by the Board of Governors by resolution adopted by the votes of a majority of the whole membership thereof. The proposed amendment shall be submitted for discussion at the next meeting of the Society following approval of the amendment, together with a summary of the discussion thereon, which shall be promptly submitted by mail to all members qualified to vote, as set forth in the Bylaws. Voting shall be by letter ballot mailed with the proposed amendment and summary of the discussion to the voting membership. In order to be counted, return ballots must be received within sixty days of the mailing-out date. Such amendment shall become effective if at least one-fifteenth of the duly qualified members shall have voted thereon within the time limit specified herein and if at least two-thirds of the members so voting have voted to adopt the amendment.

Sec. 2. Restrictions. No amendment shall be made which shall be contrary to the carrying out of the scientific purposes for which the Society was organized, and all rights conferred herein upon any member of the Society are granted subject to this reservation.

BYLAWS

ARTICLE I

Sec. 1. Membership Grades. The membership of the Society shall consist of the following grades: Honorary, Sustaining, Life Fellow, Life Member, Fellow, Active - Executive, Active - Professional, Associate and Student.

Sec. 2. Qualifications. Individuals, firms and corporations qualified in the manner hereinafter prescribed are eligible for membership.

Subsec. A. Honorary. An individual who has performed eminent service in the advancement of engineering in motion pictures, television or in the allied arts and sciences, and who has been elected to membership as hereinafter provided.

Subsec. B. Sustaining. An individual, firm or corporation subscribing substantially to the financial support of the Society.

Subsec. C. Fellow. An individual who has, by proficiency and contributions, attained an outstanding rank among engineers or executives in the motion-picture, television or related industries.

Subsec. D. Active (Executive and Professional). An individual who meets the qualifications set forth in one of the following paragraphs:
Paragraph 1. An individual engaged in the motion-picture, television or allied arts and sciences who has performed, or been responsible for, engineering or scientific work therein; or
Paragraph 2. A teacher in a school of recognized standing who has conducted a major course principally concerned with motion-picture or television engineering or a subject involving the related arts and sciences; or

Paragraph 3. An individual who has made a distinct contribution to the advancement of engineering or science in motion pictures, television or the allied arts and sciences, or has contributed to the technical literature thereof, or has made significant inventions therein; or

Paragraph 4. An individual who has directed important engineering and responsible work in the motion-picture, television or related sciences and who is otherwise qualified for the direct supervision of the technical and scientific features of such work.

Subsec. E. Student. Any student enrolled in school may join in this classification. The application will require the signature of the department head or instructor to certify that the applicant is a bona fide student, taking courses in technology involved in motion-pictures, television or related arts and sciences.

Subsec. F. Life. An individual who meets all the following qualifications: (1) is at least sixty-five years old; (2) has been an Active and/or Fellow member for a total of at least twenty years, except that in either case, as much as, but not more than five years of credit may be granted, in exceptional circumstances, by the Board of Governors for other grades of Society membership; (3) has, at least, five years of continuous membership as an Active or Fellow member immediately prior to application. Individuals who hold the grade of Fellow at the time of application will become Life Fellows, and those holding the grade of Active will become Life Members.

Subsec. G. Associate.  This membership grade is designed to encourage early career professionals to become involved in SMPTE. It is also designed for those professionals who live in countries where the cost to become an Active Member is prohibitive.  This membership grade does not qualify for Fellow or Life applications.  Members in this grade are not voting members, except as noted in Section 5 of this article.  Associate members may not participate in Standards activities unless the annual meeting fee is paid.  Member benefits are at a reduced level. Active Members are not eligible to downgrade to this level unless they can prove financial hardship.

Sec. 3. Application for Membership. Individuals who meet the qualifications of Article I, Sec. 2 may apply for membership in Student, Active, or Associate grades or for a change in grade to Life Member as follows:

Subsec. A. Active and Associate. An applicant for membership in this grade shall complete the Application for Membership form and submit it to the Society Headquarters.

Subsec. B. Student. An applicant for membership in this grade must be a full-time student and  provide a valid student ID from an educational institution.

Subsec. C. Life. An Active Member or Fellow requesting a change in membership grade to Life Member or Life Fellow shall submit a written application to the Secretary/ Treasurer. Life membership will not be granted automatically.

Sec. 4. Election to Membership

Subsec. A. Honorary. Honorary membership shall be granted to individuals qualified in the manner prescribed in Subsec. A of Sec. 2 hereof upon recommendation of the Honorary Membership Committee when that Committee's recommendation is concurred in by the affirmative vote of three-fourths of the members of the Board of Governors present at any meeting of the Board.

Subsec. B. Fellow. Active members qualified in the manner prescribed in Subsec. C of Sec. 2 hereof shall be admitted to membership in this grade upon recommendation of the Fellow Membership Committee when that recommendation is concurred in by the affirmative vote of three-fourths of the members of the Board of Governors present at any regularly constituted meeting of the Board.

Subsec. C. Active. Upon determination by Headquarters that an applicant meets the qualifications set forth in Subsec. D of Sec. 2 hereof and upon approval of the application, the applicant shall become a member of this Society. Any application upon which the Headquarters takes adverse actions shall be referred to the Sections Vice President stating the reasons for such action. The Sections Vice President, in consultation with the appropriate Section Chairperson, shall determine whether the staff action shall be sustained or overruled. The results of this consideration will be made known, and the applicant will be advised accordingly by Headquarters. If the finding is adverse, the applicant may appeal to the Board of Governors by a letter addressed to the President. A determination by the Board of Governors shall be final.

Subsec. D. Student. Upon determination by Headquarters that an applicant meets the qualifications set forth in Subsec. E of Sec. 2 of this Article and upon approval of the application, the applicant shall become a member of the Society.

Subsec. E. Life. Upon determination that an applicant meets the qualifications set forth in Subsec. F of Sec. 2 of this Article, and upon approval of the application by the Executive Committee, and in those cases with less than 20 years but no less than 15 years of Active or Fellow Membership, upon approval by the Board of Governors, the applicant shall be awarded the appropriate Life Membership grade in the Society.

Subsec. F. Associate.  Upon determination by Headquarters that an applicant meets the qualifications set forth in Subsec. G of Sec. 2 hereof and upon approval of the application, the applicant shall become a member of this Society. Any application upon which the Headquarters takes adverse actions shall be referred to the Sections Vice-President stating the reasons for such action. The Sections Vice-President, in consultation with the appropriate Section Chairperson, shall determine whether the staff action shall be sustained or overruled. The results of this consideration will be made known, and the applicant will be advised accordingly by Headquarters. If the finding is adverse, the applicant may appeal to the Board of Governors by a letter addressed to the President. A determination by the Board of Governors shall be final.

Sec. 5. Voting Rights. Each member of the Society in the Honorary, Fellow or Active grades shall be entitled to one vote on any matter presented to the membership, and such members are eligible to be elected to office in the Society. Members of the Society in the Associate, Student or Sustaining grades are not entitled to vote on any matter presented to the membership, are ineligible to hold office in the Society, and may not be appointed to chair any committee of the Society. However, Associate, Student, and Sustaining members may be appointed to serve as members of committees in which case they shall be entitled to vote on matters considered by the Committee. In addition, Associate Members shall have the right to vote in Section elections.  Life Members and Life Fellows shall be entitled to all the rights and privileges of Active and Fellow Members.
Sec. 6. Termination of Membership

Subsec. A. Resignation. Resignations of members shall be made in writing and shall be acted upon within 30 days of receipt of said resignation.

Subsec. B. Suspension and Termination of Membership for Nonpayment of Dues. In the event that any member shall fail to pay dues by the end of the third month from the due date, the membership of such person in the Society shall automatically be suspended. Suspension of membership results in the forfeiture of all membership rights and privileges. Such suspension shall automatically be revoked, and all membership rights and privileges restored, upon payment by any such suspended member of all dues in arrears provided that they are paid within one calendar year from the due date. In the event that dues in arrears are not so paid, the membership of such member shall automatically be terminated.

Subsec. C. Expulsion and Reinstatement. Any member may be expelled for just cause, other than nonpayment of dues. Expulsion may take place only upon the vote of a majority of the entire membership of the Board of Governors after an opportunity to be heard before the Board shall have been granted to such member. No accused or accusing member shall be entitled to vote on the question of any such expulsion. Any former member whose membership has been terminated pursuant to this subsection may be reinstated upon application made to the Board and upon approval by the vote of a majority of the entire membership of the Board of Governors.

ARTICLE II

MEETINGS OF THE SOCIETY

Sec. 1. Annual Meeting and Notice. There shall be an Annual Meeting of the Society held at such time and place as may be fixed by the Board of Governors. Notice of the place, day and hour of the meeting shall be given to each member entitled to vote at such meeting by mailing such written notice as may be approved by the Secretary/Treasurer to each such member at the address that appears on the records of the Society no less than 30 days before the date of the meeting.

Sec. 2. Special Meetings and Notice. Special Meetings may be called by the President and shall be called by the President upon the written request of at least three members of the Board of Governors or upon the written request of members having at least one-twentieth of the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting. Notice of the day, place, hour and purpose or purposes for which such meeting is called shall be mailed to each member entitled to vote at such meeting by mailing such written notice as may be approved by the Secretary/Treasurer to each such member at the address that appears on the records of the Society no less than 20 days before the date of the meeting.

Sec. 3. Members Entitled to Vote. Each member of the Society in the Honorary, Fellow, Active and Life grades shall be entitled to one vote on each matter presented to the membership at an Annual or Special Meeting. Unless a greater proportion is required by these Bylaws, by the Society's Certificate of Incorporation or by the District of Columbia Non-Profit Corporation Act, the affirmative vote of a majority of votes entitled to be cast by the members present or represented by proxy at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be necessary for the adoption of any matter voted upon by the members.

Sec. 4. Quorum. One-fifteenth of the members of the Society entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy shall constitute a quorum at Annual or Special Meetings of the Society. A lesser number may adjourn a meeting without notice other than announcement at the time of such adjournment of the time, place and hour to which the meeting is adjourned. At any adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. Members present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough members to leave less than a quorum.

Sec. 5. Proxies. At any Annual or Special Meeting of the Society, any member entitled to vote may vote by proxy provided at Society expense and executed in writing by such member in favor of any other member or members of the Society. No proxy, however, shall be valid after eleven months from the date of its execution unless otherwise provided in the proxy.

ARTICLE III

BOARD OF GOVERNORS 

Sec. 1. Number and Term in Office. The Board of Governors shall consist of: (1) the elected officers; (2) the Past President of the Society; (3) individuals elected by the membership as hereinafter prescribed; (4) not more than six Directors (See Administrative Practices Sec. III, D.10; E.8; H.16 and 17) appointed, two each by the Editorial Vice President, the Engineering Vice President and the Sections Vice President, subject to approval of the Board of Governors for a term of one year; (5) two individuals elected by the Board of Governors for a term of one year when in the opinion of the Board such additional members will more adequately represent the interests and activities of the Society's members. All members of the Board of Governors shall be members of the Society in either Honorary, Life Fellow, Fellow, Life Member or Active grades. All Officers and Governors elected by the voting Membership of the Society, International Governors and the Past President shall serve for a term of two years (until their successors, except for the Past President, have been duly elected) defined as follows: January 1 of each odd-numbered year shall begin a term of office for the President, Executive Vice President, Past President, Editorial Vice President, Secretary/Treasurer, and approximately one-half of the Governors as specified in Article III, Sec. 2, Subsec. B. January 1 of each even-numbered year shall begin a term of office for the Engineering Vice President, Financial Vice President, Sections Vice President, Conference Vice President, and the remaining approximately one-half of the Governors as specified in Article III, Sec. 2, Subsec. B.
Sec. 2. Regional Representation. The elected Governors prescribed in Sec. 1 (3) shall provide for geographical representation as follows:
Subsec. A. Regions. For the purpose of representation on the Board of Governors, the membership is divided into Regions, each Region having no less than 500 members of any grade. These Regions are as follows: (1) New York, (2) Southern, (3) Eastern, (4) Central, (5) Western, (6) Hollywood, (7) Canadian, (8) Asia and Australia, (9) International. The Board of Governors will assign Sections to the Regions in which they are located geographically.

Subsec. B. Representation. Each Region shall be represented on the basis of one Governor for each 500 members, or fraction thereof, of any grade. No one section within a Region shall have more than one Governor for each 500 Section members or fraction thereof, of any grade except by two-thirds vote of the Board of Governors. Governors representing Regions shall be elected by the voting membership in their respective Region. To increase the number of Governors, the regional membership must exceed the nearest multiple of 500 by at least 25 members for two consecutive years. Conversely, the number of Governors representing a Region will not be reduced unless the membership falls at least 25 members below the determining multiple of 500 for two consecutive years.
Subsec. C. Continuity. To insure continuity of regional representation, relocation of the permanent residence of an individual serving as a Governor to a new location outside the Region represented shall constitute a vacancy which shall be filled as described in Article III, Sec. 6.
Sec. 3. Nominations
Subsec A. Nominating Committee. Before the second Monday in January, the President shall appoint eleven voting members of the Society to form an SMPTE Nominating Committee. The committee shall consist of the Past President, five members (one being an alternate) from the current Board of Governors who are serving in the first year of a two-year term of office and five members (one being an alternate) from any previous Board of Governors within the past six years. The President shall be an honorary member of the committee, voting only when it is required for a quorum. The Past President shall be the Chair and a voting member of the committee. In the event that the Past President is not available, a former President shall be appointed to chair the committee.

Subsec. B. Nominees. The committee shall nominate one or more candidates for each office of the Society to be filled for the term beginning the following January 1. The Committee shall nominate at least two and not more than three candidates for each vacancy to be filled on the Board of Governors for the term beginning the following January 1. Individuals nominated must be in voting membership grades of the Society. In the unusual case(s) where it is impractical to nominate multiple candidates for a regional position, the Board of Governors, by a three quarters majority of those present and voting at the summer meeting, may waive the requirement on a case-by-case basis.
Subsec. C. Acceptance of Nomination. The Chair of the Committee shall determine in writing that the nominees are willing and able to accept the position if elected before including the individual's name on the report of the Committee to the Board of Governors.

Subsec. D. Nomination by Petition. The name of any voting member in good standing may be placed in nomination for an office by a petition signed by at least five percent of the Society's voting members as published in the latest official membership list issued prior to the closing date for nomination. For a Governor, the petition must be signed by five percent of voting members in the Governor's region published in the latest official membership list issued prior to the closing date for nominations. Nomination petitions must be delivered to the Secretary/Treasurer at Society Headquarters before the closing date for nominations which shall be the close of business on the first Monday of August and must be accompanied by an assurance in writing from the nominees that they are willing and able to serve, if elected. The names of petition nominees will be added to the ballot and identified accordingly.

Sec. 4. Approval of Nominations. Before the last Monday of July, the list of nominees proposed by the SMPTE Nominating Committee shall be reviewed by the Board of Governors, and said list shall be final unless the Board, by a three-fourths vote of the members present, directs that any individual's name be deleted therefrom. If the Board directs that a name be removed from the list of nominees, it must remain in session until it selects, by a simple majority, a replacement candidate and has received assurance in writing that the candidate is willing and able to serve if elected. It shall be the duty of the Chair of the SMPTE Nominating Committee to notify affected individuals of any changes resulting from Board action, and to obtain further information of acceptance if deemed appropriate. The Chair of the SMPTE Nominating Committee shall present to the Secretary/Treasurer copies of all letters of notification and acceptance derived from these changes and from the procedures of Subsec. C above. The names of all such persons who indicate their assent shall then be placed upon a letter ballot prepared by the Secretary/Treasurer.

Sec. 5. Election. Not later than the third Monday of August, the Secretary/Treasurer shall cause a letter ballot to be mailed to each voting member of the Society at the last known address appearing on the records of the Society. The ballot shall contain, under the title of each position to be filled, the names of the candidates whose nominations have been approved, any petition nominees and a blank space. This blank space shall be provided for the voting members to indicate, if they so wish, an alternate choice of candidate for each position to be filled. Completed ballots shall be returned and received by the Secretary/ Treasurer at Society Headquarters before the closing date indicated on the accompanying instructions. The closing date shall be before or on the last Monday of September or on the Monday two weeks preceding the opening of the Fall Conference, whichever shall be earlier. Immediately after the closing date, all sealed ballots shall be delivered to a Committee of Tellers appointed by the President. This Committee shall tabulate the votes not later than the Monday following the designated closing date for the poll. Election of candidate shall be by plurality vote, and in the case of a tie, the choice shall be decided by lot, conducted by the Committee of Tellers. The individuals elected shall take office on January 1 of the following year.

Sec. 6. Filling of Vacancies. Whenever a vacancy shall occur in the Board of Governors or in any office of the Society other than that of the President, the remaining Governors may, by the affirmative vote of a majority of them, elect an individual to fill such vacancy. Individuals so elected shall serve for the unexpired term of their respective predecessors.

Sec. 7. Meetings and Quorum. The Board of Governors shall hold at least three meetings each year, one of which shall be at the time and place of the Annual Meeting of the Society. At least two weeks notice of the time and place of all regular meetings shall be sent to the members of the Board. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President or by any two Vice Presidents upon at least seven days' notice. At each meeting of the Board of Governors, a majority of members shall constitute a quorum.

Sec. 8. The Board of Governors may, by resolution adopted by a majority of the governors eligible to vote thereon, indemnify any governor or officer or former governor or officer of the Society or any person who may have served at its request as a director, governor or officer of another corporation against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding, civil or criminal, in which such person is made a party by reason of being or having been such director, governor, or officer except in relation to matters as to which that person shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of a duty.

ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Sec. 1. President
Subsec. A. Function. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Society, the Board of Governors, and at all meetings of the Executive Committee. Subject to the direction of the Board of Governors, the President shall be the executive head of the Society.

Subsec. B. Substitute. During any period of absence or temporary incapacity of the President, the Executive Vice President shall perform and have the duties and powers of the President. In the event that both the President and Executive Vice President are absent, the Engineering Vice President or the Financial Vice President (in that order) shall perform and have the duties and powers of the President.
Sec. 2. Executive Vice President. In the absence of the President due to death, resignation or incapacity, the Executive Vice President shall perform and have the duties and powers of the President. In addition, the Executive Vice President shall perform such other duties as may be assigned by the President.

Sec. 3. Past President. The Past President shall serve in an advisory capacity to the other officers and governors of the Society. The Past President shall chair the SMPTE Nominating Committee and the Fellow Membership Committee and may be requested to assume other duties suited to experience gained in Society affairs.
Sec. 4. Engineering Vice President. The Engineering Vice President shall be responsible for the supervision and coordination of the work of all technical committees of the Society, and, when authorized to do so by the Board of Governors, may appoint committees, define their scope and designate the members thereof.

Sec. 5. Financial Vice President. The Financial Vice President shall be responsible for the financial operations of the Society to ensure that they conform to the budget submitted to and approved by the Board of Governors. The Financial Vice President shall keep all funds in the name of the Society in a bank, or banks, approved by the Board of Governors. The Financial Vice President may invest the surplus funds of the Society in such manner as may be approved by the Board of Governors. At the end of each fiscal year the books shall be audited by a certified public accountant selected by the Board of Governors, and a report of such audit shall be made to the Board of Governors which shall mail it to each member of the Society.

Sec. 6. Editorial Vice President. The Editorial Vice President shall be responsible for the content and publication of the Society's Journal and the editorial aspects of all other publications of the Society. The Editorial Vice President shall appoint and supervise the work of certain administrative committees as defined in the Administrative Practices.

Sec. 7. Conference Vice President. Subject to the approval of the Board of Governors, the Conference Vice President shall be responsible for the national technical conferences of the Society.

Sec. 8. Sections Vice President. The Sections Vice President shall be responsible for the coordination and administration of Subdivisions to ensure that their activities conform to the purposes set forth in Article II of the Constitution, and shall aid and assist Subdivisions by interpreting the Society's policy. As a member of the Board of Governors, the Sections Vice President shall represent on the Board the sectional interest of all Subdivisions. The Sections Vice President shall be responsible for aiding and furthering the formation of new Subdivisions.

Sec. 9. Secretary/Treasurer. The Secretary/Treasurer shall chair the Revisions Committee. The Secretary/Treasurer shall keep a record of all meetings of the Society, the Board of Governors and the Executive Committee. The Secretary/Treasurer shall be responsible for the maintenance of a membership roster. The Secretary/Treasurer shall have the custody of the records of the Society and the corporate seal. The Secretary/Treasurer shall perform such other duties as may be required by these Bylaws or specified by the Board of Governors. The Secretary/Treasurer shall have custody of the funds and assets, except in invested surplus, of the Society, and shall keep proper books of account. The Secretary/Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Society under the direction of the Financial Vice President and the Board of Governors. The Secretary/Treasurer shall give a surety company bond for the faithful performance of duties in such amount as may be required by the Board of Governors. The premium on such bond shall be paid by the Society.

ARTICLE V

COMMITTEES

Sec. 1. General
Subsec. A. Appointment. Such standing and ad hoc committees as may be necessary or convenient for the proper conduct of the affairs of the Society may be appointed as provided by the Constitution, Bylaws and Administrative Practices of the Society. The Chairs of all such committees shall be voting members of the Society.

Subsec. B. Term. The members of all standing committees shall hold office until December 31 of the year following appointment or until their successors are appointed.

Subsec. C. Term of Office of Chairperson. No person shall hold the office of Chairperson of a standing committee for more than two consecutive terms, but may be reappointed if there has been a lapse of one year between the date of retirement and subsequent appointment.

Subsec. D. Quorum. A majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum unless otherwise specified in these Bylaws.

Subsec. E. Voting. No member of a standing committee may vote by proxy. Where alternates have been appointed, an alternate may vote in the absence of the Committee member for whom the alternate has been designated.

Sec. 2. Standing Committees
Subsec. A. Executive Committee. The members of the Executive Committee shall consist of the President, Executive Vice President, Past President, Engineering Vice President, Editorial Vice President, Financial Vice President, Conference Vice President, Sections Vice President and Secretary/Treasurer of the Society. Subject to direction by the Board of Governors, the Committee shall have all powers of the Board of Governors to transact business between meetings of the Board and shall have such other powers and duties as may be delegated to it by the Board. All transactions of the Committees shall be fully reported at the next scheduled meeting of the Board of Governors.

Subsec. B. Honorary Membership Committee. The membership of the Committee shall consist of five voting members of the Society comprised of the Past President (if available, and if not, the next available former President) as Chair, and four former Presidents (if available) as members or other members of the Board as appointed by the President. The Committee may recommend persons to the Board of Governors for election to membership in the Honorary grade or their name for addition to the Honor Roll if the person is deceased.

Subsec. C. Fellow Membership Committee. The membership of the Committee shall consist of all members of the Board of Governors, the Chairs of Engineering Technology Committees and the Chairs of Sections of the Society. The Past President shall serve as Chair of the Committee; or, if unavailable, the President shall appoint a Chair from among the members of the Committee. The Committee may recommend persons to the Board of Governors for election to membership in the Fellow grade.

Subsec. D. International Relations Committee. The President shall appoint at least three members to this committee. At least one of these members shall be from a country where there is a section of the Society outside the United States and Canada. All appointees must be voting members of the Society. The Committee shall advise the Board of Governors concerning matters involving the organizational relations of the Society with individuals or groups outside the United States and Canada. The Committee shall also recommend to the SMPTE Nominating Committee candidates for Governor in Regions 8 and 9.

Subsec. E. Conference Committee. The membership of this committee shall consist of the Executive Vice President, serving as Chair, the Conference Vice President, the Editorial Vice President, the Engineering Vice President, the Sections Vice President, and the Financial Vice President, or in the absence of the Financial Vice President, the Secretary/Treasurer, and the Executive Director of the Society serving as an ex-officio member. The Committee shall maintain a continuing long range plan for scheduling, business arrangements and subject matter of all regular SMPTE conferences. Sanctioning and coordination of scheduling of special, regional or sectional conferences, jointly sponsored conferences or section meetings, shall be the responsibility of this committee.

ARTICLE VI

ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES AUTHORIZATION 

Special rules relating to the administration of the Society and known as Administrative Practices shall be established by the Board of Governors and shall be added to or revised as necessary to the efficient pursuit of the Society's objectives.

ARTICLE VII

DUES

Sec. 1. Amount of Dues. Annual dues for grades of membership other than Sustaining shall be set from time to time by the Board of Governors, such action requiring approval by a majority of all voting members of the Board.

Sec. 2. Payment of Dues. Annual dues for membership in all grades will be on a cyclical billing basis. The billings for the annual dues will be forwarded to members and are payable on before their cyclical billing dates.

Sec. 3. Transfer of Grade. Change in the grade of membership to a grade with lower or no dues shall be without effect upon the amount of annual dues payable in the year in which such change occurs.

ARTICLE VIII

PUBLICATIONS

Sec. 1. The Journal. The Society shall publish a monthly technical journal. The editorial policy of the Journal shall be based upon the provisions of the Constitution and a copy of each issue shall be supplied to each member except those whose membership has been suspended pursuant to the provisions of Article I, Sec. 6, mailed to the last address of record. Copies may be made available for sale at a price approved by the Board of Governors.

Sec. 2. Other Publications. The Society may publish such books, pamphlets or other publications as may further the objectives of the Society.

ARTICLE IX

SECTIONS

Sec. 1. Section Authorization. Sections of the Society may be authorized in any locality where the number of members of Associate, Active and above exceed fifty. The geographic boundaries of each Section shall be determined by the Board of Governors. Upon written petition for the authorization of a Section of the Society, signed by fifty or more members of the grade of Associate, Active or above, the Board of Governors may grant such authorization.

Sec. 2. Section Membership
Subsec. A. All members of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers in good standing residing within the geographic boundaries of any local Section shall be considered members of that Section.

Subsec. B. Should the enrolled voting membership of a Section fall below ten, or should the technical quality of the presented papers fall below an acceptable level, or the average attendance at meetings not warrant the expense of maintaining that Section, the Board of Governors may cancel its authorization.
Sec. 3. Section Officers. The Officers of each Section shall be a Chairperson and a Secretary/Treasurer. Each Section Officer shall hold office for one year, or until a successor is chosen.

Sec. 4. Board of Managers. The Board of Managers shall consist of the Section Chairperson, the Section Past Chairperson, the Section Secretary/Treasurer, and six voting members. Each manager of a Section shall hold office for two years. Sec. 5. Section Elections
Subsec. A. Section Nominating Committee. Before the first Monday in January, the Chairperson of the Section shall appoint seven voting members of the Section to form a Section Nominating Committee. The Committee shall consist of the Section Past Chairperson (or a former Section Chairperson if the Past Chairperson is not available) who shall act as Chairperson, the Section Chairperson, two other members of the Board of Managers who are serving in the first year of a two-year term, and three other voting members of the Section who are not members of the Board of Managers.

Subsec. B. Nominations. The Section Nominating Committee shall nominate one or more persons for the offices of Section Chairperson and Secretary/Treasurer, and at least two but no more than three persons for each Manager's office to be filled. All nominees shall be voting members of the Section. Nomination shall be made by three-fourths affirmative vote of the Section Nominating Committee. In addition, each Section Nominating Committee shall select, for consideration by the SMPTE Nominating Committee, two or more persons for each Governor's position to be filled in their respective Region.
Subsec. C. Approval of Nominations. The Section Nominating Committee shall determine that nominees are willing and able to accept the position if elected. No later than the first Monday of February, the list of persons selected for consideration as nominees for Governor shall be forwarded to the Chairperson of the SMPTE Nominating Committee through Headquarters. No later than the last Monday of February, the list of nominees for Section offices shall be presented to the Section Board of Managers. Nominations shall be final unless any nominee is rejected by a three-fourths vote of the Board of Managers, and in the event of such rejection, the Board of Managers shall make its own nomination by majority vote of the members present.
Subsec. D. Election. The list of nominees as approved by the Board of Managers shall be forwarded to the Secretary/Treasurer of the Society at Headquarters no later than the first Monday of March. No later than the third Monday of March, the Secretary/Treasurer of the Society shall cause a letter ballot to be mailed to each voting member of the Society residing in the geographical area covered by the Section. On the ballot, under each office to be filled, the names of those candidates approved by the Section Board of Managers shall be listed along with a blank space in which the name of any other voting member of the Society may be written in. Appropriate space shall be provided on the ballot to indicate a single choice of candidate for each office. The ballots having been returned to the Secretary/Treasurer at Headquarters in accordance with the accompanying instructions before or on the last Monday of April shall be delivered to the Committee of Tellers appointed by the President. Said Committee shall tabulate the votes not later than the first Monday of May. The election of candidates shall be by plurality vote and, in case of tie, the choice shall be decided by lot. Announcement of the results shall be communicated promptly to the respective Sections. The newly elected officers shall take office on July 1 of the same year.
Sec. 6. Filling of Vacancies. Whenever a vacancy shall occur in the Board of Managers or in any office of the Section, the remaining Board of Managers may, by the affirmative vote of a majority of them, elect an individual to fill such vacancy. Individuals so elected shall serve for the unexpired term of their respective predecessors, and shall meet the qualifications required for the office being filled.

Sec. 7. Section Business. The business of a Section shall be conducted by the Board of Managers.

Sec. 8. Section Expenses
Subsec. A. Prior to the beginning of each fiscal year each Section shall submit to the Sections Vice President the proposed budget requirements of the Section for the next fiscal year.

Subsec. B. The Secretary/Treasurer of the Society shall deposit with each Section Secretary/Treasurer a sum of money for current expenses, the amount to be fixed by the Board of Governors.

Subsec. C. The Secretary/Treasurer of each Section shall send to the Secretary/Treasurer of the Society, quarterly, or on demand, an itemized account of all expenditures incurred during the preceding period.
Subsec. D. Expenses other than those enumerated in the budget, as approved by the Board of Governors of the Society, shall not be payable from the general funds of the Society without express permission from the Board of Governors.

Subsec. E. The Section Board of Managers shall defray all expenses of the Section not provided for by the Board of Governors from funds raised locally.

Subsec. F. The Secretary/Treasurer of the Society shall, unless otherwise arranged, supply to each Section all stationery and printing necessary for the conduct of its business

Sec. 9. Section Meetings. The regular meetings of a Section shall be held in such places and at such hours as the Board of Managers may designate. The Secretary/Treasurer of each Section shall forward to the Sections Vice President of the Society, not later than five days after a meeting of a Section, a statement of the attendance and of the business transacted.

Sec. 10. Constitution and Bylaws. Sections shall abide by the Constitution and Bylaws of the Society and conform to the regulations of the Board of Governors. The conduct of Sections shall always be in conformity with the general policy of the Society as fixed by the Board of Governors.

ARTICLE X

STUDENT CHAPTERS

Sec. 1. Chapter Authorization. Following a written petition for a Student Chapter, the Board of Governors of the Society may authorize Student Chapters at an educational institution. This petition must be signed by a minimum of 12 SMPTE student members who are currently enrolled and in good standing at the educational institution (application for Society membership may be included with the petition), an adviser (an active or higher grade member), and the dean or the department head of the institution.

Sec. 2. Chapter Membership. Attendance at Student Chapter events shall also be open to interested nonmembers who are students at the institution, and guests, as space and campus policy allow.

Subsec. A. All members of the Society in good standing who are attending the designated educational institution shall be eligible for membership in the Student Chapter, and when so enrolled they shall be entitled to all privileges that such Student Chapter may, under the Constitution and Bylaws, provide.

Subsec. B. Should the attendance at student chapter events fall to below ten, or the activity of the Student Chapter fall to fewer than four events in a school year, the Board of Governors may cancel the authorization.

Sec. 3. Chapter Officers. The officers of each Student Chapter shall be a Chairperson and a Secretary (not excluding holding both offices). Each Chapter officer shall hold office for one school year, or until a successor is chosen. The procedure for holding elections shall be by ballot vote during the first or second official meeting of the school year.

Sec. 4. Adviser. It shall be the Adviser's duty to advise the officers of the chapter on its conduct and to approve its reports of activities.

Sec. 5. Chapter Expenses. Each Student Chapter shall be independently responsible for expenses incurred.

Sec. 6. Chapter Meetings. The Chapter shall hold at least four meetings per year. The Secretary shall forward to the Executive Director, Sections Vice President, Society President and closest Section chairperson of the Society at least quarterly reports of all activities for that period, giving the subject, speaker and attendance of each meeting or event.

ARTICLE XI

AMENDMENTS

Sec. 1. Procedure and Required Vote. Proposed amendments to these Bylaws may be initiated by the Board of Governors or by a recommendation to the Board of Governors signed by ten voting members. All amendments, before they are submitted to the membership for discussion, shall first have been approved by the Board of Governors by resolution adopted by the votes of a majority of the whole membership thereof. Proposed amendments may be approved at any regular meeting of the Society at which a quorum is present, by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members present or represented by proxy and eligible to vote thereon. Such proposed amendments shall have been published in the Journal of the Society, in the issue next preceding the date of the stated business meeting of the Society at which the amendment or amendments are to be acted upon.

Sec. 2. Lack of Quorum. In the event that no quorum of the voting members is present at the time of the meeting referred to in Sec. 1, the amendment or amendments shall be referred for action to the Board of Governors. The proposed amendment or amendments then become a part of the Bylaws upon receiving the affirmative vote of three-quarters of the entire membership of the Board of Governors.

ARTICLE XII

ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS

Sec. 1. Purpose. The Society's Engineering Documents, including SMPTE Standards, SMPTE Recommended Practices and SMPTE Engineering Guidelines, as well as American National Standards sponsored by the Society, are adopted in the public interest; they are designed for the purpose of promoting and furthering the interests of the general public through the statement and dissemination of technical and engineering principles applicable to the motion-picture, television and related arts and sciences.

Sec. 2. Definition. The Society's Engineering Documents and American National Standards sponsored by the Society describe a product, process or procedure with reference to one or more of the following: nomenclature, composition, tolerances, safety, operating characteristics, performance, testing and the service for which designed.

Sec. 3. Use. Existence of an Engineering Document of the Society does not in any respect require that any member or nonmember adhere to it, and such persons are free to accept or reject any adopted Engineering Document as they see fit in the exercise of their individual discretion.

ARTICLE XIII

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 

The Board of Governors shall appoint an Executive Director who shall be employed by the Society on such terms and conditions as the Board shall determine. Subject to approval by the Board of Governors, the Executive Director may employ administrative, technical or other specialists to serve the Society. The Executive Director shall be responsible to the Board of Governors for the operation of the principal and such other offices as the Society may maintain and shall be responsible to the Board for the supervision of other employees of the Society.

ARTICLE XIV

REGISTRATION AUTHORITY 

The Society shall serve as a registrar of identifiers needed by the motion imaging and related industries to identify or process programs or other materials for the purpose of creation, modification, storage, distribution, or display.