Alternative Label(s): App, Application Program, Application Software, Application System, Software Application, Software Application Program

Definition(s): Software designed to help users perform particular tasks or handle particular types of problems, as distinct from software that controls the computer itself.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Software or a program that is specific to the solution of an application problem.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2017, Systems and software engineering — Vocabulary, 3.192: application software]

System for collecting, saving, processing, and presenting data by means of a computer. The term application is generally used when referring to a component of software that can be executed. The terms application and software application are often used synonymously.
[SOURCE: NISTIR 7695, Common Platform Enumeration: Naming Specification Version 2.3, 2011]

Related Concepts: API

Acronym(s): API

Definition(s): Method for exposing services and data through an advertised programming interface.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Alternative Label(s): Software Architecture

Definition(s): High-level modeling describing the structure and behavior of a given system, comprising components and the connections between them.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

The fundamental concepts or properties of a system in its environment embodied in its elements, relationships, and in the principles of its design and evolution.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-160, Volume 1, Systems Security Engineering: Considerations for a Multidisciplinary Approach in the Engineering of Trustworthy Secure Systems, 2018, after ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010: 2011, Systems and software engineering — Architecture description, 3.2]

Broader Concepts: Architecture

Narrower Concepts: Architectural Layer, Event-driven Architecture, Rules-based Architecture, Zero-Trust Architecture

Definition(s): One of the components of an architectural model that is organized into several stacked and interrelated parts, each with its own focus and function, with defined relationships between layers.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Architecture

Acronym(s): aaS

Alternative Label(s): Anything-as-a-Service, Everything-as-a-Service, XaaS

Definition(s): A business and provisioning model wherein various computing and data storage resources are hosted by a third party and made available on a subscription or on-demand basis.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Narrower Concepts: Function-as-a-Service, Infrastructure-as-a-Service, Platform-as-a-Service, Software-as-a-Service

Related Concepts: Cloud Computing, Cloud Deployment Model, Serverless Computing

Alternative Label(s): MCMA Environment, Media Services Environment, Minimum Media Services Environment

Non-preferred Label(s):
 
MCMA Core, MCMA Project

Definition(s): A minimum media processing environment that includes two core services: a registry and a job processor, and any additional services required to perform assigned tasks.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Narrower Concepts: Job Processor, Registry

Alternative Label(s): Cloud

Definition(s): A collection of networked remote servers.
[SOURCE: ISO 20294:2018, Graphic technology — Quantification and communication for calculating the carbon footprint of e-media]

Remote networked server infrastructure used for storage, processing and/or services and accessed via TCP/IP and related internet protocols.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021] 

Related Concepts: TCP/IP

Definition(s): A general term for the provision of hosted services. Also used to differentiate processing or workflows enacted within the cloud from simple storage.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145, The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, 2011]

A paradigm for enabling network access to a scalable and elastic pool of shareable physical or virtual resources with self-service provisioning and administration on-demand.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17788:2014, Information technology — Cloud computing — Overview and vocabulary, 3.25]

Related Concepts: as-a-Service, Serverless Computing

Alternative Label(s): Cloud

Definition(s): The utilization of some configuration of hosted computing resources and infrastructure.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Ways in which cloud computing can be organized based on the control and sharing of physical or virtual resources.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 22123-1: Information technology — Cloud computing —Part 1: Vocabulary, 3.3.1]

Broader Concepts: Deployment Model

Narrower Concepts: Hybrid Cloud, Multi-Cloud, Private Cloud, Public Cloud

Related Concepts: as-a-Service

Definition(s): The specification or description of how software components should be (or are) mapped onto physical hardware, be that provided locally, virtualized, or hosted.
[OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

A model of how an application is mapped to a distributed deployment network.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 16500-8:1999, Information technology — Generic digital audio-visual systems — Part 8: Management architecture and protocols, 3.7 (modified)]

Narrower Concepts: Cloud Deployment Model, Hybrid Deployment Model, On-Premises Deployment Model

Alternative Label(s): Endpoint

Definition(s): An association between a binding and a network address, specified by a URI, that may be used to communicate with an instance of a service. An end point indicates a specific location for accessing a service using a specific protocol and data format.
[SOURCE: W3C Web Services Glossary, 2004. w3.org/TR/ws-gloss/#sendpoint]

Software receiving requests and providing responses via an API.

Alternative Label(s): ETag

Definition(s): An opaque validator for differentiating between multiple representations of the same resource, regardless of whether those multiple representations are due to resource state changes over time, content negotiation resulting in multiple representations being valid at the same time, or both. An entity-tag consists of an opaque quoted string, possibly prefixed by a weakness indicator.
[SOURCE: IETF RFC 7232: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Conditional Requests, June 2014]

Definition(s): deterministic architecture where work is performed in response to specified occurrences or state changes

Note 1 to entry:    When given events are detected, ECA (Event-Condition-Action) rules are triggered, and appropriate actions taken or functions implemented.

[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Broader Concepts: Architecture

Related Concepts: Function, Function-as-a-Service, Rules-based Architecture

Definition(s): A single-purpose, short-lived, granular unit of code that runs only in response to specified triggers.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021] 

Related Concepts: Event-driven Architecture, Function-as-a-Service, Serverless Computing

Acronym(s): FaaS

Definition(s): category of cloud computing services that allows the creation of very granular tasks (functions) as small, self-contained pieces of code that can be concatenated together in a rules-based, event-driven architecture to perform automated processes.
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Broader Concepts: as-a-Service

Related Concepts: Event-driven Architecture, Function, Rules-based Architecture, Serverless Computing

Definition(s): A category of computing services that is made up of both private and public cloud resources.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

A composition of at least two distinct cloud infrastructures [typically private and public] that remain unique entities, but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145, The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, 2011 (modified)]

Cloud deployment model using at least two different cloud deployment models.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17788: Information technology — Cloud computing — Overview and vocabulary, Section 3.2.23]

Broader Concepts: Cloud Deployment Model

Related Concepts: Public Cloud, Private Cloud

Alternative Label(s): Hybrid

Definition(s): The utilization of some combination of hosted, on-premises, and/or virtualized computing resources and infrastructure.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Deployment Model

Definition(s): An interaction that returns identical results when invoked with identical parameters regardless of the number of times invoked.
ST 2125, IMF Registration Service API, Clause 3 (currently in Public Committee Draft. https://github.com/SMPTE/st2125/

Acronym(s): HaaS, IaaS

Alternative Label(s): Hardware-as-a-Service

Definition(s): A category of computing services that provides infrastructural components such as servers, storage, and network as virtualized resources.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, and deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145, The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, 2011.]

Broader Concepts: as-a-Service

Definition(s): The ability of two or more systems or applications to exchange information and to mutually use the information that has been exchanged.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 500-332: The NIST Cloud Federation Reference Architecture, 2020, Appendix A: Cloud Federation Terms and Definitions.]

Acronym(s): JSON

Definition(s): lightweight, text-based, language-independent data-interchange format used to represent structured data
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Definition(s): stored set of processes that can be used to perform a specific piece of work or operation on media files repeatedly and as needed
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Related Concepts: Base Environment, Job Processor, Job Profile Repository, MCMA

Alternative Label(s): JobAssignment, MCMA Job Assignment

Definition(s): The allocation of a given job to the service(s) capable of fulfilling it within a base environment. Each instance will be associated with a URL identifier in the executing service.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Job Processor

Alternative Label(s): JobExecution, MCMA Job Execution

Definition(s): The performance of a job within a base environment. Each instance will be associated with a URL identifier in the job processor.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Job Processor

Related Concepts: Base Environment

Alternative Label(s): JobProcessor, MCMA Job Processor

Definition(s): A service used to manage and act as a repository for jobs: it receives service requests; allocates them to the appropriate job profiles and capabilities listed within the registry; assigns identifiers; and monitors and stores execution status via log entries. One of the required components of a base environment.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Base Environment

Narrower Concepts: Job Assignment, Job Execution, Log, Status Reporting, Tracker

Related Concepts: Job, MCMA

Definition(s): A template describing the operation(s) performed by a job and the expected input and output parameters. Stored in the job profile repository with an associated URL and retrievable with an HTTP GET request.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Job Profile Repository

Alternative Label(s): MCMA Job Profile Repository

Definition(s): The library of job profiles available for re-use within the service registry of the base environment. The job profiles utilize capabilities stored within the service repository when implemented.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Registry

Narrower Concepts: Job Profile

Related Concepts: Job

Alternative Label(s): Job Log, MCMA Log

Definition(s): record of statuses collected during job execution
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Broader Concepts: Job Processor

Related Concepts: Base Environment

Acronym(s): MCMA

Definition(s): An initiative of the EBU Technology and Innovation group that provides a base set of patterns and practices to govern the implementation of microservice architectures in cross-cloud and/or hybrid environments, with a particular focus on the allocation of tasks to services within media workflows.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

A set of patterns and practices used to govern the implementation of micro-service architectures in cross-cloud and/or hybrid environments, with a particular focus on the needs of media workflows.
[SOURCE: MCMA Website, https://tech.ebu.ch/groups/mcma]

Related Concepts: Base Environment, EBU, Job, Job Processor, Job Repository, Registry

Alternative Label(s): micro-service

Definition(s): A modular service-based capability that handles a narrow task and is managed in isolation.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Alternative Label(s): Cross-Cloud, Intercloud, Interconnected Cloud, Multicloud, Multi-cloud, Multiple Clouds

Definition(s): The use of services from multiple cloud service providers, typically to provide vendor redundancy and/or to provide a mix of services optimized to the capabilities of each vendor. Likely to present interoperability and portability challenges.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021.]

Provisioning cloud resources from multiple cloud providers.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 500-332: The NIST Cloud Federation Reference Architecture, 2020, Appendix A: Cloud Federation Terms and Definitions]

Broader Concepts: Cloud Deployment Model

Alternative Label(s): On-Prem, On-Prem Deployment Model, On-Premise, On-Premise Deployment Model, On-Premises, Onprem, Onprem Deployment Model

Definition(s): The utilization of on-site or in-house provisioned and managed computing resources and infrastructure.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Deployment Model

Acronym(s): PaaS

Definition(s): A category of computing services that provides an environment for the development and/or deployment of applications.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by the provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly configuration settings for the application-hosting environment.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145: The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, 2011]

Broader Concepts: as-a-Service

Definition(s): The ability to move an object from one system to another without the loss of functionality.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 500-332: The NIST Cloud Federation Reference Architecture, 2020, Appendix A: Cloud Federation Terms and Definitions]

Definition(s): A category of computing services that can be accessed without going through the public Internet and may include both cloud and on-premises resources as well as resources in different physical locations connected by private networks.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Services are used exclusively by a single cloud service customer and resources are controlled by that cloud service customer.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17788: Information technology — Cloud computing — Overview and vocabulary, Section 3.2.32]

The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units). It may be owned, managed, and operated by the organization, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145: The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing]

Broader Concepts: Cloud Deployment Model

Definition(s): A category of computing services where cloud processing and storage are accessed via the public Internet.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Services are potentially available to any cloud service customer and resources are controlled by the cloud service provider.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17788: Information technology — Cloud computing — Overview and vocabulary, Section 3.2.33]

The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public. It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization, or some combination of them. It exists on the premises of the cloud provider.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145: The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing]

Broader Concepts: Cloud Deployment Model

Alternative Label(s): MCMA Service Registry, Service Registry

Definition(s): A service used to store available service capabilities and job profiles and make them available for discovery by the job processor or external clients. One of the required components of a base environment.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Base Environment

Narrower Concepts: Job Profile Repository, Service Repository

Related Concepts: MCMA, Service

Alternative Label(s): Rules-based System

Definition(s): deterministic architecture where work is performed according to a set of rules
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Broader Concepts: Architecture

Related Concepts: Event-driven Architecture, Function-as-a-Service

Definition(s): A category of computing services where servers and other resources are provided by a third-party and accessed only as needed.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Cloud service category in which the cloud service customer can use different cloud capability types without having to provision, deploy and manage either hardware or software resources, other than providing cloud service customer application code or providing cloud service customer data.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TS 23167:2020, Information technology — Cloud computing — Common technologies and techniques]

Related Concepts: as-a-Service, Cloud Computing, Function, Function-as-a-Service

Definition(s): A capability stored within a service registry that is created by a logical grouping of the components — such as microservice(s), function(s), data store(s), and queue(s) — required to complete a given task.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Related Concepts: Base Environment

Alternative Label(s): MCMA Service Repository

Definition(s): The library of service capabilities available within the service registry of the base environment. The services will contain a reference to any job templates stored within the job profile repository that utilizes them.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

Broader Concepts: Registry

Related Concepts: Base Environment, Job Profile Repository

Acronym(s): SaaS

Definition(s): A category of computing services whereby software applications are hosted by a service provider and typically accessed via standard web browsers.
[SOURCE: OSA Vocabulary Group, June 2021]

The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email), or a program interface. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-145: The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, 2011]

Broader Concepts: as-a-Service

Alternative Label(s): Job Status Reporting, MCMA Status Reporting

Definition(s): real-time reporting of the success, failure, or other status of the job execution
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Broader Concepts: Job Processor

Related Concepts: Base Environment

Alternative Label(s): Job Tracker, MCMA Tracker, Transaction Tracker

Definition(s): token (including a unique identifier) passed between the microservices involved in the completion of a transaction, allowing their correlation
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Broader Concepts: Job Processor

Related Concepts: Base Environment, Job

Definition(s): set of related tasks treated as a single action, forming a logical unit of work
[SOURCE: SMPTE ST 2126, Microservice Status Reporting and Logging, Clause 3 (pending publication)]

Acronym(s): URI

Definition(s): A compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource.
[SOURCE: IETF RFC 3986: Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax, 2005]

Related Concepts: URL

Acronym(s): ZTA

Definition(s): A cybersecurity architecture that is based on zero trust principles and designed to prevent data breaches and limit internal lateral movement.
[SOURCE: NIST SP 800-207, Zero Trust Architecture, 2020]

Broader Concepts: Architecture